[To] history and analysis of rare earth _ Mo Yunyao

Category: religious history and political characteristics of rare earth with miraculous, electrical and electronic, optical fiber cables, superconductivity and missile navigation plays a special role in the area, especially in the field of military applications, can equip weapons with superior performance. China rare earth resource-rich, ever supply of 97% of the world's rare earth elements (mostly to machines or basic products exported in the form), and United States Patriot missiles, neutron Collider, iPhone and Japan's Toyota Prius, and so on to besiege or looting of China China's technology and products. In recent years, China has stepped up controls on exports of rare earth resources, ore exports by 75% per cent per cent of total production, exports by 48,500 per cent 10 years ago now 31,300 tons. China rare earth export control causing mental confusion in Western countries, throw your own logic. West point 1, of the media in theory, the scarcity of supplies of goods should be controlled by the global free market. But China does not comply with these rules. This for the rest of the world you have a lot of destructive. 2, China restricting exports of rare earth development and product manufacturing to low-carbon technologies constitute a serious impact will have an impact outside of China high-tech environmental protection industry, and could lead to a crisis. 3, Beijing, China has the monopoly of rare earth resources as a foreign policy tool. Western believes that China has an obligation to a foreign supply of rare earth resources, and that should be imposed on the supply of rare earth "monitor" in order to ensure the implementation of international trade rules. Deng Xiaoping said, "the Middle East oil, China rare earth". Rare-earth elements, economic, and military strategic position can be seen.����Bloomberg reports that the Chinese Government said on Thursday that is widely used in manufacturing hybrid cars and television sets of rare earths dysprosium and terbium metal, may fall short of their needs; plus the largest rare earth producers may be further reduced exports, made to multinational concerns in the world. China produced more than 90% of the world of rare earth, even though these two minerals demand continues to increase, but China's Ministry of industry and information technology, raw materials, Deputy Director Wang caifeng Thursday pointed out that China may not be enough supply. hybrid vehicles such as Toyota Prius (Prius) and mass production of the music players such as Apple iPod, have boosted demand for rare earth.����To shore up prices and ensure a domestic supply, China had cut export quotas, but Wang caifeng said, the Chinese Government does not prohibit the rare-earth metal exports. China could set the export ban, "the world has become a little bit worried. "London, an industry research group Roskill information services company (RoskillInformation Services Ltd) Chegwidden, General Manager (JudithChegwidden) said. "Dysprosium has been increasingly used for permanent magnet motors for hybrid electric vehicles like the Prius, or wind turbines, demand is growing rapidly. "China has about half the world's rare earth stocks, comprising more than 15 kinds of metal such as scandium and lanthanum. In 2006, with the price drop, the Chinese Government began to limit production and exports.����Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Vice President Zhao Shuanglian said on Wednesday that China may establish strategic reserves of rare-earth system.����This could force the intensified search for other suppliers. "We're always looking for alternative sources of procurement. "Toyota spokesman Paul Nolasco (PaulNolasco) said, but declined to specific comments on China's policy.����He said, neodymium rare earth metals are used in the manufacture of motors of the Prius. According with the largest rare earth ore of Inner Mongolia baotou steel rare earth high-tech company's data, when compared with 53,300 tonnes in 2006, China's exports in 2008 decreased by 35% per cent tons of rare earth. On Wednesday, the company intends to take control of the autonomous regions within the smaller competitors, to strengthen the control of supply. "military defense, missiles, electronic information and fields of green energy, demand is growing. "Wang caifeng said at a Conference in Beijing. "Modern society cannot do without mobile phone and TV. "She pointed out that China needs one year of 70,000 tons of rare earth.����Ministry of industry and information technology, announced on May 18, 2009 China will cut production quotas-119,500 tons of rare earth, more than a year ago by 8.1%. Terbium is a silvery white metal, widely used in the manufacture of alloy, and the lights, TV picture tube phosphors required. Among other rare earth neodymium, is a portable mini hard drive and Apple iPod Earphones raw materials.����Yttrium and EU red used to generate color TV and computer display screens. Wang caifeng said that China is strengthening the control of rare earth mining, because this can cause serious pollution.����Mining may have been shipped with a ton of substance 2000 tons of dirt and rubbish.����Director of the Department of Commerce's Foreign Trade Division said Liang Shuhe, Asian countries are being encouraged to metals producers exported processed products instead of raw materials to enhance the value of the goods. According to the small metal Association of trade information, metals including magnesium, zinc, mercury and antimony, bismuth.����Jinduicheng molybdenum companies in China is Asia's largest producer of molybdenum, molybdenum is used in hardened steel. "The majority of Chinese exports from small metal remains in the form of raw materials. "Liang Shuhe said at the meeting. We encourage exports high value-added high-end products instead of raw materials. "Billions of yushu earthquake donations were asked to pay to meeting Government in Qinghai province 2010-08-03 00:28:59 source: people's network (Beijing) the original 0 core mobile phone to watch news tips: Audit Commission the most recent data show that as of July 9, the country receives" the yushu earthquake "grants 10.657 billion yuan. $ 9.843 billion of funds which have not been put to use, and Central Government allocated special funds for the reconstruction of $ 9 billion this year. This huge sum of money is determined by who cares right, give rise to disputes between the parties. On the ridge of the people's network on August 3 in yushu city, Sunshine time is growing short to stay. After 1 month, will start to snow here. Followed by a three-year renewal period, long in the first paragraph of "downtime". Into jiegu construction machinery, in a race against time. Charitable organization came soon after the earthquake, they have a lot of money but has not remitted project accounts. The Audit Commission published on July 29, according to the report, its audit of the yushu earthquake donation, "found in some areas is notPress meeting provides timely contributions payments Ministry of Civil Affairs, Red Cross Society of China and China Charity Federation, involving an amount of $ 162 million sth As of July 22, has been meeting to pay $ 126 million. "The audit information only related to Red Cross chapters in the provinces, all over the province branch of the charity and civil affairs part to be paid. In fact, more slow progress in meeting payments. Reporter investigations noted that, as of the release date, in addition to receiving more donations of the Red Cross Society of China (including Red Cross Foundation), the China Charity Federation and Qinghai branch confirmation funds framework agreement, more than other national charitable organization is not yet final disbursement of funds to pay, and clearly. For the many charitable organizations, they are difficult to define "meeting to pay" the exact meaning of the term. On July 7, the Ministry of five ministries in conjunction with the release of the yushu Qinghai earthquake disaster relief donation funds implementation procedures (hereinafter referred to as the implementing procedures), which stipulates that those charitable organizations to raise money, you need to Exchange payments paid to Qinghai province, Qinghai province, Qinghai province, the Red Cross charity dedicated account, used by the arrangement of Qinghai province. However, "sink to pay money" policy, but incurred over more than 10 national charitable foundation of the puzzle, and clearly against it. Relevant person in charge of civil affairs in response to this newspaper, "is being strengthened communication with them. "" We're in post-disaster reconstruction, as well as what rights? donations ultimately investment, and how to report to donors? "says Secretary General of the National Foundation on the reporter said," it's all done charity's bottom line issue! "that had been meeting to pay the charity organization, also have puzzled on related policies. This saw between the paid and refused to pay, being highlighted for charitable relief landmark events in the area. Outstanding audit Commission of the reasons for the latest data show that as of July 9, the country receives "the yushu earthquake" grants 10.657 billion yuan. $ 9.843 billion of funds which have not been put to use, and Central Government allocated special funds for the reconstruction of $ 9 billion this year. With a financial provision similar to that huge contributions, makes money management in yushu stand out immediately on the right. Billions of contributions by who cares right? after earthquake in yushu, Ministry based on authority of subordinate civil organization rating, issued 15 was confirmed to expand social organizations and foundations of disaster relief donations. This is a great flood occurred after practice. Departments awarded the Organization, are ministries and national institutions. 15 institutions are: Red Cross Society of China (including the Chinese Red Cross Foundation), the China Charity Federation, China Foundation for poverty alleviation, Foundation for the development of China's undertakings, the China Soong Ching ling Foundation, bright China Foundation for science and technology of China, the China Foundation for disabled persons, the China Population Welfare Foundation, the China Youth Development Foundation, the China Foundation for children and adolescents, the China Green Foundation, the China Education Development Foundation, the China environmental protection Foundation, the China Women's Development Foundation and the Foundation for the development of medicine and public health in China. Reporter investigation shows that in addition to raise donations for more than 2 billion of the Red Cross Society of China, China Charity Federation has been an explicit external money transfers in Qinghai, there are at least 10 in the previous 15 did not complete payment of foreign exchange. Raise large amounts of several organizations, even the unexpanded "sink to pay" preparation, and still want to use donations to original redevelopment plan. Incomplete statistics, which raised more than $ 5 million Yuan, bright China Foundation for science and technology of China about 12.39 million, China Education Development Foundation about 13.69 million, China Youth Development Foundation about 26.82 million China children and teenager's Fund of about $ 20.35 million, China Foundation for poverty alleviation of about $ 150 million, and so on. "The project has developed" is now the "unpaid" to swing to the floor of the main reasons. China Foundation for poverty alleviation with the most donations, according to a Deputy Secretary-General's introduction, the Foundation has made it clear in and entered into poverty alleviation project in Qinghai province, the project of implementation of the agreement signed on June 19, earlier introduced in the relevant foreign exchange payment methods. Other Foundation in the implementing measures prior to the issuance of, fundamental capital planning. Foundation has begun construction of a specific project. Yushu earthquake this year more than the first batch of more than 200 post-disaster reconstruction projects on July 10 onwards start construction, with a total investment amounting to $ 16 billion. Second batch of 148 projects for post-disaster reconstruction in yushu is also pay close attention to planning and construction of national arrangements for post-disaster reconstruction in yushu total funding of $ 31.65 billion. According to another home in Qinghai province, Director of the a-Yang told reporters, coupled with private investment and other factors, total funding of reconstruction could reach $ 52 billion. Charity holds huge amounts, and sense of urgency in Qinghai. "No payment" national charitable organizations, mostly through its departments and "five ministries" and Qinghai province "communication". Overall battle it was a long dispute began. "15 charities in yushu earthquake of contributions referred to the arrangement in Qinghai province, this is a generally agreed before they raise money. "On August 2, head of Department of Ministry of Civil Affairs disaster relief disaster relief donations in response to this call, this arrangement regulations had been given by the Ministry of State for Legislative Affairs, after obtaining the approval is issued. The official said, "agreed" is rooted in yushu, of Ministry issued on April 17 "4��14" earthquake disaster relief donation notice (hereinafter "the notice"). The circular on yushu earthquake disaster relief donations qualify, subject to the foregoing 15 charitable organisations, the "other institutions not disaster relief donations, disaster relief donations received, to raise contributions referred to those agencies". Heads above says, the circular has been expressly grants should be "integrated", "this is an advance of 15 institutions carrying out fundraising agreement". The file on "integrated" expressed as, "the Ministry of Civil Affairs to coordinate two associations and other Foundation will raise funds and manpower for earthquake relief and rehabilitation in the disaster areas". Therefore, the meeting of charitable organizations to pay the funds seemed to tighten regulations. But these explanations be questioned. "The notice on the right of offering qualified itself is unreasonable, it suspended the rights offering a large number of charitable organizations. Results of the consultation is not competitive, but the Executive order. "A number of areas of administrative law, charity, researchers say. Industry which was created in 2004 under the State Council of the FoundationRelevant requirements of regulations, public placement Fund after the registration and annual examination and passed, offering right in accordance with its Constitution. "It departments should not be a file changes. "Since April, the reporters repeatedly communicating with officials of the Ministry of Civil Affairs Bureau is responsible for this matter. Get the response there are basically two ways. Way of saying that "home departments are responsible for the people choose trustworthy charity or donation will turn things upside down." But officials said, "this is after the 1998 floods, deficiency found appear poor fraud donate donation, cash management, and so on, therefore has been used this model in the great flood, necessary to meet the laws and regulations of the charitable sector, is questionable. "In fact, these 15 color more intense Government charity organization, its competent authorities for the central ministries and national institutions. Thus, for these organizations as a result of donations after the concentration, is capable of supporting human, organization, and long time there has been a debate. Reporter interviews was informed that the 15 grandfather raised charitable organizations "sink to pay", is not mandatory in many places. 15 active charitable organization is not combined with the concerned departments "collection". "Head of these 15 charities sector level is high, is why policies have more bounce. "One of the researchers said in the past" focused "has similar charitable organization" can't pay ". It is quietly changes the field of charity. 2008 Wenchuan after the earthquake, the Federation of the Red Cross has pilot projects such as subcontracting practices, some small and medium sized private bids take part in the charitable organizations raise funds for project development. This approach has very senior Ministry affirmed that "grassroots" organization full of expectations. Rule crashes but many charities who had not expected, this model in yushu or will cease to exist. "We are all coordinated by the Government decision, will not consider (above) this pattern. "Home in Qinghai province, Director of the a-Yang on August 2, over the phone and told the reporter. A-Yang said that in Qinghai province has developed a detailed directory of 52.1 billion redevelopment project, you can select donations for charities, donors directed. July 7, Ministry publications, such as the implementation of procedures, called it the measures for the implementation of the State Council on May 27, one of the State Council on the support of the yushu earthquake rehabilitation and reconstruction of policy measures--the higher administrative effectiveness. Both the funding and manpower are exactly the same: donate funds "all allocated to Qinghai province, together with the donations in Qinghai province receive funding, consolidated into the post-disaster rehabilitation and reconstruction plan, arrangement for the restoration and reconstruction of Qinghai province. "But the Foundation Management Ordinance that donated the use of funds, to the discretion of the Foundation. "Should be based on the provisions of the Constitution of the Foundation's mission and scope of business activities using the property; contribution agreement identifies specific uses of donations, and used in accordance with agreed terms of the contribution agreement. "This meeting payment form: charitable association, Red Cross outside the Organization, its disbursement of payment of Foreign Exchange accounts can be selected in Qinghai province, the Home Office and charity in Qinghai province, Qinghai province, the Red Cross. 15 charity donations, this unprecedented meeting reunification vest in Qinghai province. The provincial government and charitable organizations, formed an unprecedented relationship. 1998 flood, 2008 Wenchuan earthquake disaster, such as financial management, are not on the outside of the Red Cross, the Federation of charities nationwide public placement Fund of funds management to make similar "sink to pay" decision. Ministry officials explained that such decision had been taken into account the particularities of the economic and social environment in Qinghai, and depends on the change in Wenchuan disaster rehabilitation, construction of project inputs a number of duplicate, "requires systemic considerations". However, the reporter contacts of persons with these charitable organizations, most considered to transfer the money and manpower by the Government, there is a huge concern. "If it can be integrated, meaning that may occur at any time and Manpower, and charitable sectors into Government payment channels?" problem to be solved these concerns closely linked, concerned rights rules in the field of charity as a whole. This reporter was informed that, after communicating with 13 family foundations, Ministry of Civil Affairs recommends after the list of selected projects, fundraising into all three private accounts in Qinghai province, and provide project planning and funding recommendations. Since then thousands of bidding or specific implementation of the project, then naturally the Qinghai province are responsible for. Can supervise the Government on the management of capital projects, currently still unknown. In this special, you show other charity challenges. For example, the Red Cross Society in spite of more than 2 billion funds to Red Cross in Qinghai province, but because of the relationship between the Federation and natural has been able to grasp the funding situation. "Our bottom line is, and Qinghai provincial government to establish a project, we will entrust the Qinghai province will allocate money for the project. "The Federation of the Red Cross disaster relief Ministry leader told reporters. During the discussions in the 5 June, Qinghai provincial Government had proposed, all of the Charity Commission meeting to its home office account, while participating in the meeting of the Federation of the Red Cross, charity says suspect about, when the final payment of Foreign Exchange accounts, has joined its branch in Qinghai province. 13 other foundations could not be easier. "Our day-to-day supervision of the funds do?" more than one Foundation disaster relief area Director, charity daily assessment of oversight of the project, Special Fund audit of the Government, has a huge difference in practice. There are those who say, Qinghai province, now come up with the list of items that are not specific, it is difficult to monitor every donation goes, "last May and financial mix, how to report to donors?" a lot of heads and even reveal a loss of color, "what exactly to do charitable organizations in the future? disaster help Governments raise money?" in existing legislation, the Chinese Government's leading charitable organization registration and audit of public funds in the implementation of management functions, charitable organizations in the public-the right funding decisions have clear rights of autonomy. After the release of July 7, of the way, charitable research and charitable organizations in the field, have multiple dialogue relevant areas of law, regulation and governance. Involving a number of industry-academia who told a reporter, money sinks to pay in terms of legal procedure, short and long-term effects that the parties have a basic consensus and with the relevant departments. A seminar on July 29, Suzhou, a Deputy Director for Legislative Affairs under the State Council said, "in charitable givingOn the management and use, urgently needed by charities legislation to solve the charitable administrative intervention in some areas and sectors, damage the legal relationship between charitable organizations and the interests of the donor. "(A 21st century economic report)